Defined benefit plan

The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) has released the Comprehensive Premium Filing Instructions for 2023 Plan Years. Annual premium filings and payments are required under ERISA and PBGC regulations for PBGC covered DB plans.

The Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (PBGC) has updated its table titled “Present Value of PBGC Maximum Guarantee” to reflect applicable values for distributions with annuity starting dates during calendar year 2023. The maximum guarantee is expressed as a dollar ceiling on the amount of the monthly benefit that may be paid to a plan participant (in the form of a life annuity beginning at age 65) by the PBGC. The maximum guarantee, which increases each year, is adjusted for benefits commencing at ages other than age 65 in order to make the maximum guarantee equivalent in value regardless of the age at which a participant starts receiving benefits from the PBGC.

The Pension Protection Act of 2006 requires that when the “adjusted funding target attainment percentage” (AFTAP) for a plan is at least 60 percent but less than 80 percent, the plan may not make a distribution in excess of the lesser of

• 50 percent of the amount of the payment that would have been paid if the restriction did not apply, or
• the present value, determined under guidance approved by the PBGC, of the maximum guarantee with respect to the participant under ERISA Section 4022.

The PBGC table is useful in determining the maximum payment for this purpose.

The IRS has issued Notice 2022-54, which contains updated guidance on factors used in certain defined benefit (DB) pension plan minimum funding and present value calculations. Updates include the corporate bond monthly yield curve, the corresponding spot segment rates for October used under Internal Revenue Code Section (IRC Sec.) 417(e)(3), and the 24-month average segment rates under IRC Sec. 430(h)(2). IRC Sec. 417 contains definitions and special rules for minimum survivor annuity requirements in DB plans. IRC Sec. 430 addresses minimum funding standards for single-employer DB plans.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has issued a disaster declaration for severe storm and flooding in Illinois, beginning October 14, 2022.

Employers with qualified retirement plans may allow participants to take hardship distributions if

• they have incurred expenses and losses because of a FEMA-declared disaster, and
• their principal residence or place of employment at the time of the disaster is located in an area designated by FEMA as eligible for individual disaster assistance.

If the employer permits hardship distributions for expenses and losses related to a federally declared disaster, participants can check fema.gov/locations to determine if they are located in a disaster area designated for individual assistance.

The IRS may also issue relief related to this disaster for certain tax-related deadlines. Additional information can be found at irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations and will be announced here if such relief is granted.

The Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation has determined premium rates applicable for the 2023 plan year in accordance with indexing rules provided in section 4006 of ERISA. The single-employer plan per-participant flat rate premium for plan years beginning in 2023 is $96, up from $88 in 2022 and more than triple the premium rate in 2007. The single-employer plan variable-rate premium for 2023 increases to $52 per $1,000 of unfunded vested benefits, up from $48 in 2022. The variable-rate premium per participant cap increased to $652 per participant, from $598 in 2022.

The Department of Labor (DOL) Wage and Hour Division has released a proposed rule titled Employee or Independent Contractor Classification Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) that is scheduled to be published on October 13, 2022. The Department believes that its proposed rule would reduce the risk that employees are misclassified as independent contractors, while providing added certainty for businesses that engage with individuals who are in business for themselves.

Workers classified as independent contractors may not be afforded the protections of the FLSA. These include payment of federal minimum wage for all hours worked, and entitlement to overtime compensation for hours worked over 40 in a workweek.

The DOL is proposing to discontinue the use of “core factors” and instead return to a totality-of the-circumstances analysis of the economic reality test in which the factors do not have a predetermined weight and are considered in view of the economic reality of the whole activity. The proposal details six specific economic reality factors, but indicates that this should not be an exhaustive list for consideration.

(1) Opportunity for profit or loss depending on managerial skill

(2) Investments by the worker and the employer

(3) Degree of permanence of the work relationship

(4) Nature and degree of control

(5) Extent to which the work performed is an integral part of the employer’s business

(6) Skill and initiative

The Department is also proposing to formally rescind the 2021 Independent Contractor (IC) Rule. The effective date of the 2021 IC Rule was March 8, 2021. On March 4, 2021, the Department published a rule delaying the effective date of the 2021 IC Rule (Delay Rule) and on May 6, 2021, it published a rule withdrawing the 2021 IC Rule (Withdrawal Rule). On March 14, 2022, in a lawsuit challenging the Department’s delay and withdrawal of the 2021 IC Rule, a Federal district court in the Eastern District of Texas issued a decision vacating the Delay and Withdrawal Rules. The district court concluded that the 2021 IC Rule became effective on the original March 8, 2021, effective date.

Comments on the proposed rule must be received by November 28, 2022.

The IRS has issued Notice 2022-40, which contains updated guidance on factors used in certain defined benefit (DB) pension plan minimum funding and present value calculations. Updates include the corporate bond monthly yield curve, the corresponding spot segment rates for September used under Internal Revenue Code Section (IRC Sec.) 417(e)(3), and the 24-month average segment rates under IRC Sec. 430(h)(2). IRC Sec. 417 contains definitions and special rules for minimum survivor annuity requirements in DB plans. IRC Sec. 430 addresses minimum funding standards for single-employer DB plans.

The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) has issued updated interest rate assumptions for benefit payments in terminating single-employer defined benefit (DB) pension plans. Specifically, these interest assumptions are for benefit payments with valuation dates in the fourth quarter of 2022 and apply to plans insured by PBGC.

The Department of Labor (DOL) has released Interpretive Bulletin 2022-01 (IB) relating to independence requirements for accountants who audit employee benefit plans. Under ERISA, plan administrators of benefit plans requiring an audit are required to retain an “independent qualified public accountant” to conduct an examination of the plan’s financial statements and render an opinion as to whether the financial statements and required schedules are presented fairly in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).

The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation is proposing modifications to reporting information it asks for on supporting schedules related to annual Form 5500 series returns. The proposal modifies line 19a and correlating instructions of the 2023 Schedule R, Retirement Plan Information, by updating the categories of assets used in identifying investments held by the plan and requiring the breakdown to be reported as of the end of the plan year rather than beginning of the plan year. Additionally, the proposal would modify line 19b and eliminate line 19c. With regard to the Schedule SB, Single-Employer Defined Benefit Plan Actuarial Information, the proposal modifies line 6 (Target Normal Cost) and correlating instructions to address an unlikely reporting inconsistency where a plan requires mandatory employee contributions and the mandatory contributions for the plan year exceed the present value of benefits accruing during the plan year. In addition, PBGC is proposing a change to line 26b attachment instructions to clarify that where a plan assumes benefits are paid in a lump sum but uses the annuity substitution rule to determine the funding target, the attachment may show projected benefits payable in the annuity form instead of the form assumed for valuation purposes.